Definition on Love Essay

A definition article on adoration endeavors to characterize it as a feeling felt and showed by people, creatures, and every single living being in their own particular manner. It is a point that has been expounded on through the ages and has discovered its way into books on writing and religion. Love knows no limits and language is never an obstruction. Wars have been battled about it. Individuals have been are still impacted by the feeling of adoration. The absolute best scholarly works depend on adoration, and even film creators bank on it to prevail upon watchers and make a hit. Love can be communicated from numerous points of view. God has demonstrated his affection for us by offering us the feeling to impart to other people. Consequently, we love God for all the magnificent things he has given us. Our dedication towards God shows love as love. The adoration shaped out of regard is a similar love we have for our older folks, family, and individuals we gaze upward to. In an affection paper, you could expand on adoration that one has for his family. It could be associated with religion, regard, or unadulterated love not founded on any conditions. A Romeo and Juliet exposition is the perfect romantic tale among man and lady. The word â€Å"romance† has been utilized from various perspectives to show love and friendship among Romeo and Juliet. In present day society, individuals who are impractically pulled in display their adoration for one another with the assistance of cards, blessings, and uplifting statements. The manner in which love is communicated changes tangibly however the feeling continues as before. Couples discover love in sex, warmth for one another, and by speaking with one another all the more as often as possible. Truth be told, humanity has developed through adoration among Adam and Eve. At the point when you need to compose a definition article on adoration, expect to compose a dramatization exposition that joins love as its subject. It would produce enthusiasm among perusers, and you would discover numerous definition article guides to browse. The most ideal approach to compose such an exposition is look into discoursed from artistic works of well known creators like William Shakespeare. Exchanges are the genuine articulation of adoration that is shown through words. Best of all, you can allude to scholarly works composed through the ages and get motivation from the one you like the most. There are a few other definition paper subjects you can pick. It fundamentally relies upon the crowd you need to compose for. The themes could be on connections in the family. You could expound on the affection among siblings and sisters. How unique is a father’s love for his youngsters from a mother’s love? You should be mature enough to truly comprehend sentimental love between two individuals, which is close and sexual in nature. The point of your paper varies with age. Pick increasingly complex points on adoration as you become more seasoned. The feeling of affection is dynamic. You would be in a superior situation to expound on adoration in its different appearances when you by and by experience it. The definition exposition on adoration would really convey your own perspective, which obviously would make composing the article simple.

Novel “Asturias” Essay

How to miss deadlines at MIT

How to miss deadlines at MIT There is this class Im taking called 18.100B (Real Analysis) which I cant tell if I love or hate. I’ll be working on the problem sets and thinking like, man, this is amazing, I can feel myself getting smarter by the second! I feel like I’m finally starting to get math. But then, the workload is super intense, and my brain can only take so much abuse before whining at me like what the heck are you doing, you’ve been working on this for ten hours it’s 7 a.m. jesus christ, go to sleep, but I can’t cause it’s due the next day. Basically, finishing the problems feels amazing and rewarding, but doing them takes forever and routinely costs me sleep. Usually, I am fine with losing a nights sleep as long as I don’t have to do anything attention-demanding the next day and can can crash sometime early in the evening. If I force myself to stay up longer than that, though, I will start to feel less-fine and my internal monologue will gradually evolve into a running commentary on how terrible everything is, and then later into something more like a random assortment of wingdings characters (i.e., totally incomprehensible). I will have trouble saying a coherent English sentence, let alone writing a coherent Real Analysis proof, let alone finishing a whole pset. Sleep is important! Anyway, one day last week the day I had planned to grind out the near-entirety of my 18.100B pset I found myself lying in bed awake at 4 a.m. And then 5 a.m., 6, 7, until literally I had been lying awake in bed for 6 and a half hours without falling asleep, leaving me with a total of an hour and a half before I had to wake up again for a mandatory-attendance class. I don’t know if it was because I had coffee too late in the evening, or had slept in the day before, or just had too much random stuff to think about that night, but it was very upsetting! and I immediately started worrying about how I was going to be able to finish my pset that day with my sleep-deprived brain disintegrating into a sad, slow, whiny thing with compromised comprehension. I considered just punting the pset, then thought about going to S^3 to ask for an extension, and at some point figured I could nap and then over-caffeinate and force myself to stay up another night. Before coming to any decisions, thoug h, I scanned the syllabus to see if there was any leniency regarding late homework. Sure enough:   Ahh. Beautiful. *sleeps for 13 hours* So I ended up just doing the pset during the following week and finishing it alongside that week’s assignment. The extra time without penalty was a lifesaver, and allowed me to not have to choose between being nice to my brain and body and doing well on the assignment. In general, I find that professors are understanding of the importance of not having to make this trade-off, and they try to be flexible when a student is unable to make a deadline here and there. These kinds of built in policies for flexibility with late or missing assignments are extremely common, and a majority of the classes Ive taken so far have had some policy written into the syllabus to provide some leniency when Life happens. Judging from what Ive seen, I would say the most common of these policies is drop the lowest problem set score. So for example, if there are ten problem sets due for the class in total, your grade is calculated out of your 9 best problem set grades. This can serve as a nice grade-booster for those who complete every pset, or it can just be a free pass to throw an assignment out the window if you’re having a particularly difficult week. Some other policies that Ive seen: Drop the lowest score *out of psets that were handed in*. This is much more rare (and a bit less forgiving) than the policy without the stipulation. “You may turn in one problem set late without penalty.” For some classes, like 18.100B, this applies only up to a finite amount of lateness, which is probably paternalistically a good thing, because its better to make up work sooner than later. In a philosophy class I’m taking right now, we have a 500-word assignment due each Sunday at midnight. There are 13 of these, but we only have to turn in 10 of them for full credit. “Linear decay until the grades are posted, capped at a 20 percent penalty.” This means that you will lose about 3% from your grade on that assignment per day for work handed in late, up to a maximum of 20%. Which in my opinion is kind of amazing. X percent penalty per day for late work. Most classes in general dont accept late work, but some have a policy where the grade decays over time after the deadline, which is nice and makes taking an extra day seem like less of a big deal considering the penalty is too small (e.g. 15% off a problem set thats worth 3% of your grade) to have a significant impact on your overall performance in the class. For essays, Ive seen both 1/3rd of a letter grade penalty per day and 1/2 of a letter grade penalty per day for late submissions. I had a class last semester where for the final essay, there was a nominal deadline, but the policy was basically turn it in whenever you want without penalty, but trust us that it becomes much harder to write it the longer you procrastinate From the 6.004 (Computation Structures) syllabus: Late policy for lab submission and check-off: There is a 1-point/day late penalty for both submissions and check-offs after the posted deadlines. The penalty is waived for the first 7 late days, so if youre off campus, having a stressful week, or just need a break, you can use the free late days without having to get S^3 in the loop.This is a little bit like the policy for 18.100B, except the 7 late days can be divided up and used for different assignments, so you can take an extra week for a lab if you need, or you could (say) turn in 7 assignments each one day late. From the 18.102 (Functional Analysis) syllabus: How many marks you get for late homework is decided by me based on a secret, highly dubious, formula. (@_@)(apparently in practice this meant something like, Ill be forgiving if you usually turn in everything on time, and apply a penalty if youve been late before.) Grades will be computed by two methods the cumulative and the hope-springs-eternal method with the actual grade the greater of the two. First method: Homework 30, Tests 30, Final 40. Second method is based purely on the final.In other words, if youre having trouble handing in the problem sets or did poorly on the midterm, then you can choose the hope-springs-eternal option and keep your grade on the final as your grade for the whole class. Seems kind of risky, but maybe helpful, I dunno. Overall, I have found these policies to be super helpful in maintaining a balance between academics and everything else. But what happens in cases where one of your classes doesnt have any policy like this, or youve already used your late day(s), or youre facing some circumstance which actively prevents you from getting your work done? In these cases, you definitely shouldnt panic either! There are other options for you to explore before resigning to lose points on your grade. Here are some other things you can do when this happens. Talk to S^3: Student Support Services, or S^3 (pronounced S Cubed) is just wonderful.  You can visit them and talk to one of the S^3 deans if you need advice, need to talk to someone, or need extensions on your assignments. I have found that the deans there are extremely kind and genuinely care about students wellbeing, and its easy to make an appointment with them. I have gone a few times to get extensions for things like illness, too much stress, and too many converging deadlines. If you’re looking to get an extension, you can go into the office and talk to them about why you could use the extra time. They/you will then email your professor saying you talked to S^3 and they agreed to give you extra time on your work, and the professor will accept the assignment any time within this extended due date. Typically people get extra time for things like illnesses and difficult personal circumstances, but you can definitely also try to work something out if you’re feeling particularly overwhelmed or stressed (or sleep deprived) from having too much work. You shouldn’t really go in for things like not wanting to work or procrastinating too much, but if there is some external/physical/emotional reason you’re unable to work, then it’s totally worth dropping by to see what they can do. Talk to professors directly: If you email your professor directly and explain to them that you need extra time on an assignment, they will likely say “yeah sure, that’s fine, just get it in by [arbitrary upcoming day].” Alternatively, they might say “go to S^3 and get this approved first, then sure.” Or once I had a professor just say like “oh, check the syllabus, there’s a policy where you can drop the lowest pset, so just take care and don’t worry about it.” The willingness to be lenient obviously depends on the professor, but in my experience professors seem to be mostly understanding, so it can’t hurt to ask directly if you don’t feel like taking the time to make an appointment with S^3. ~~ Other than this I mean, missing a pset on occasion wont kill you, and some say it feels liberating once in a while to just look at a problem set and be like, nah. (Especially if youre a freshman on pass/no record.. ah, the good old days when grades *actually* didnt matter.) Still, it also feels really good to be able to occasionally miss deadlines without being penalized at all for it. Professors know that were smart and hardworking, but they also know that were human. So, when pitted against matters of health and wellbeing, sometimes those psets can wait.

Looking At Islamic Economics And Finance Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2230 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Meaning Islamic Economics and Finance: Islamic economics and finance has emerged as a discipline separate from the general science of economics and finance in the wake of islamisation of Islamic business industry. It is a system of finance that is bound by religious laws that prevent the taking of interest payments which in Arabic called Riba. Islamic economics and Finance is broader term which includes a banking system that isÂÂ  based onÂÂ  the principles of Shariah and guided by Islamic principles. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Looking At Islamic Economics And Finance Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Two basic principles behind Islamic bankingÂÂ  are sharing of profit and loss and, significantly,ÂÂ  the prohibition of the collection and payment of interest. Collection and payment of interest is strictly prohibited in Islam. If it is prohibited to take, it is also prohibited to give. Islamic Economics and Finance has many operational areas like Islamic banking, Islamic Investment, Islamic real estate, Takaful/Insurance, Asset Management etc. The elimination of interest from the economic system is meant to promote economically just, socially fair, and ethically correct dealings according to Islamic principles, foster the solidarity and cohesion of the Muslim ummah, harmonise trade, create powerful economic incentives, and bring about cooperation and co-participation in all walks of life. In formulating its fundamental principles, Islamic economics system seeks to fuse Islamic religion with economic science; that is, it tries to combine the study of economic pheno menon of ordinary business of life with religious beliefs, ethical norms, moral ideals, rules and laws, thus putatively believing that the social science of economics is a secular discipline which does not concern itself with value judgements, and that Islamic economics is a plausible alternative to modern economics since it is based on the values, norms and principles of Islam. History Islamic Economics and Finance: Islamic economics and finance is as old as Islam itself. Throughout the fourteen centuries of Islamic history, we find a continuity of works in which economic issues are discussed in the light of the Shariah. Most of these discussions lay buried, however, in the vast literature on the exegesis of the Quran (that is, Tafsir), commentaries on Hadith, principles of jurisprudence (usul al-fiqh), and law (fiqh). No effort has been made to dig out this material and present it systematically. There is another genre of works devoted exclusively to statecraft and social organization. These and the works on moral philosophy and historiography received some attention when the new born social sciences entered the curricula of universities in the Muslim world and scholars started looking for the Islamic heritage in these fields. Some orientalists have also paid special attention to the political and economic thought of early Muslim thinkers. But we do not have, till date, a single comprehensive book on the history of economic and finance in Islam. We do have, however, a number of papers, mostly written after the middle of this century, on the economic thinking of some eminent Islamic scholars in the past. Lets discuss a little about its journey so far. Even before the invention of money, people used to deposit valuables such as grain, cattle and agricultural implements and, at a later stage, precious metals such as gold for safekeeping with religious temples. Around the 5th century BC, the ancient Greeks started to include investments in their banking operations. Temples still offered safe-keeping, but other entities started to offer financial transactions including loans, deposits, exchange of currency and validation of coins. Financial services were typically offered against the payment of a flat fee or, for investments, against a share of the profit. The views of philosophers and theologians on interest have always ranged from an absolute prohibition to the prohi bition of usurious or excess interest only, with a bias towards the absolute prohibition of any form of interest. The first foreign exchange contract in 1156 AD was not just executed to facilitate the exchange of one currency for another at a forward date, but also because profits from time differences in a foreign exchange contract were not covered by canon laws against usury. In a time when financial contracts were largely governed by Christian beliefs prohibiting interest on the basis that it would be a sin to pay back more or less than what was lent, this was a major advantage. Islamic Banking: The first instance of Islamic banking came into the picture in Egypt in 1963. The pioneering efforts by Ahmad El Najjar brought this bank into existence, whose key principle was profit sharing (non-interest based philosophy of Shariah). By the end of 1976 there were 9 such banks in the country. These banks neither charged nor paid interest but their activities were mostly limited to trade and industries where these banks invested directly or as partners of depositors. Hence, functionally these banks were working more as financial institutions rather commercial banks. In 1971, Nazir Social Banks is known to be the first commercial bank in Egypt, though its charter never made references to Shariah. The first bank explicitly based on Shariah principles was established by the Organization of Islamic countries (OIC) in 1974, called Islamic Development Bank (IDB). This bank was primarily engaged in intergovernmental activities for providing funds for development projects running into mem ber countries. Its business model involved fees for financial services and profit sharing financial assistance for projects. The practice of Islamic banking did not start at the national level. Instead, individual Islamic banks were established in a number of countries during the second half of the Seventies. These individual Islamic banks had to operate within the economic and legal framework of their respective countries. They had also to face competition from interest-based banks, which were well-entrenched in the system. This environment provided no effective protection against the moral hazards attending upon a sharing-based system of financial intermediation. The low levels of honesty and trustworthiness in the market, the poor system of audits and accounts, lack of means for monitoring a business and, last but not least; failure of the judiciary to help the financing agencies in case of default by fund-users, were some of the factors inhibiting the practice of profit-shari ng by the newly established Islamic banks. We learned little about Islamic Economics and Finance and its history. We will discuss now about its relevance of Islamic Economics and Finance in todays life. To know the relevance of Islamic Economics and Finance, we should know the important elements of it. These are the elements which make it more effective in compare to the current conventional system. Conventional system doesnt address the following requirement of their people. However, Islamic Economics and Finance does: Disclosure of cost on transactions Islamic Finance is based on a set of simple truth that all businesses must abide by. For example, under Islamic Finance all financial transactions must disclose the cost and the profit to the buyer. And the determination of cost must include all of your cost. You are prohibited from hiding some of your cost. Full disclosure of pricing is critical to Islamic Finance and what constitutes a good free market. Existence of subject matter Another important principle of Islamic Finance is that all transactions must be supported by the physical existence of the subject of the trade. Contrast this to Wall Street which trades in commodities with no real existence of the commodity. It is now estimated that paper trading in gold is leveraged by more than 30 to 1 in terms of the actual physical gold that exists to support the trades. Constructive Possession Another important rule of Islamic Finance is constructive possession for every financial transaction. What this means is that you must have some ownership stake in what it is you are selling. You cannot sell something that you do not own. If you do, then you have introduced enormous risk and speculation into the marketplace. Under Islamic Economics and Finance this is disallowed and termed as Gharar. Existence of Value Islamic Finance also prohibits the selling of something that has no assigned value. For example, you cannot enter into a business transaction that someone can readily obtain for free or no-one in the marketplace has a use for. All objects of a transaction shall have some perceived value by someone within the marketplace. Things that have no use to anyone are not allowed under Islamic Finance. Trusteeship The idea of trusteeship has been central to all religious views of the economy. Islam reinforced the view that mans ownership of resources is held as a trust, the real owner being God, the Creator, to whom the trustee is accountable. The idea of trusteeship distinguishes the religious/Islamic approach to economics from materialistic approaches like capitalism and socialism. It effectively rules out both extremes -laisses faire and collectivisation-while introducing a moral-spiritual element into the ordinary business of life. The idea is made practical by rules governing individual behaviour and public policy. Helping Behaviour Mankind are Gods dependants, so the most beloved of people in the Sight of Allah are those who do good to His dependants. (Mishkat, Bab al-Shafqah wal-Rahmah alal-Khalq). Helping behaviour is required because of the interdependent nature of mans life. There is no fulfilment in life without interaction with others; individual felicity requires socialization. The exclusive pursuit of self-interest in social relations is counterproductive; it defeats its own purpose. Men serve their individual and collective interests best when each individual cares for the welfare of others while striving to protect and promote his own interest. This is what religion teaches. We gain through giving; when everyone is keen only to acquire and unwilling to give, no one acquires anything. So the wealth increasing through interest and decreasing through charitable giving is an illusion. The reality is different. Social wealth increases when the rich give away part of their wealth to the needy se eking no return save the Pleasure of Allah. An individual may not realise this, as he does not experience it directly and instantaneously. This is why the motivation for charitable giving is weak. Nevertheless, faith does what personal experience might have done, moving men to charity. Those who lack faith and a vision of the Hereafter behave otherwise, as noted in 107:1-3. Moderation Moderation in consumption is another feature of Islamic economics. Islam discourages ostentatious living and indulgence in luxuries. There are no specific quantitative limits to the consumption of what is permissible, but one should take into consideration what is available to others before one avails oneself of the good things of life. This also refers till some extent to all measures that improve the social order of the community. These include welfare policies, comfortable transportation, the provision of free and accessible healthcare etc. Decision by Consultation Men are free to make private economic decisions individually, but public choice and collective decisions must be based on consultation. This is implied in the Qurans characterization of Muslims as a people whose rule (in all matters of common concern) is consultation among themselves (42:39). But the community has been especially cautioned regarding the allocation of offices and the dispensation of justice: Behold, God bids you to deliver all that you have been entrusted with unto those who are entitled thereto, and whenever you judge between people, to judge with justice. Verily, most excellent is what God exhorts you to do, for God is all-hearing, all-seeing! (4:58) The subject of ensuring an adequate supply of public goods has been approached by modern economics within the framework of selfish behaviour, focusing on the free-rider problem. The Islamic doctrine of al-fard al-kifai, or socially obligatory duties, seeks to take care of the matter through voluntary action comp lemented by state action. One significant expression of this tendency in Islamic history has been the proliferation of charitable endowments (waqf) devoted to education, health care and providing for the needy, etc. In general, the doctrine of socially obligatory duties has boosted the role of the voluntary sector in Islamic economies. Coupled with Islams strong condemnation of hoarding and of all collusion between sellers to the detriment of customers, socially obligatory duties build those bridges between self-interest and public interest that are so vital for peace and prosperity in human society. The doctrine implies the valuable insight that the only durable basis for the protection and promotion of the public interest is orienting Individuals towards doing their duty. Treating Wealth as Means Islam looks at economic well-being as a means to peace, freedom from hunger-and freedom from fear of, or domination by, any being other than Allah. Beyond the satisfaction of basic needs, the ultimate objectives of earning and spending money are moral and spiritual. This rule out the seeking of economic gains at the cost of moral and spiritual values, both at the individual and at the national level. It is against Islamic rationality to hoard money. It follows that savings, i.e., what is left after Consumption and charitable giving, must be put to good use. One who cannot undertake productive enterprise himself can do so in partnership with others, or he can supply funds on a profit-sharing basis. Men can also borrow and lend, but the lender cannot claim an increment on the principal, since interest is prohibited. Also prohibited is gambling. Men should seek to avoid these and other prohibited means, such as cheating, exploitation, coercion, etc., when making money. Their freedo m to make monetary and financial arrangements is constrained only by these prohibitions and by the general Islamic tendency to treat money as a means to the good life.

Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment Essay - 1874 Words

Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment Raskolnikovs mathematical evaluation of the moral dilemma presented to him in Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment exemplifies the empirical view of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism attempts to distinguish between right and wrong by measuring a decision based on its calculated worth. Raskolnikov appears to employ the fundamentals of utilitarianism by pitting the negative consequences of murdering his old landlady against the positive benefits that her money would bestow onto society. However, a true follower of utilitarianism would be outraged at Raskolnikovs claim that murdering the old woman can be considered morally right. Raskolnikov arbitrarily†¦show more content†¦Employing the utilitarian principle, I would have to weigh each option and then decide which one has consequences at least as good as or better than any of the other options possible. But, what standard do I use to gauge the consequences in order to choose the best alternative? The theory of right action does not stand alone as the only condition for ethical evaluations. To measure the given alternatives, I would have to apply the theory of value. The theory of value bases itself on the premise that pleasure is the only thing valuable in itself and as an end. Mill clearly states, that all desirable things are desirable either for pleasure inherent in themselves or as means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain . In my moral dilemma, I had to take each alternative and calculate the total amount of pleasure that each would produce, minus the total amount of pain each alternative would induce. So while not doing the paper might give me the most amount of immediate pleasure, the pain that I would incur upon receiving an F in my class would greatly reduce the amount of net pleasure. On the other hand, I might experience some pain (due to boredom, frustration, etc.) from writing the paper. However, this amountShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism In Dostoevskys Crime And Punishment770 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel Crime and Punishment the main characters Raskolnikov, Svid, and Sonya embody different philosophies. Throughout the novel you can tell which philosophies Dostoevsky likes and dislikes depending on the character. Sonya represents religion, Raskolnikov represents utilitarianism, and Svid represents a utilitarian hedonist. Throughout this novel these characters help to describe the psychology of a criminal and paint the path between crime and punishment. This novel is told almost entirelyRead MoreMorality And Its Effect On Society1196 Words   |  5 Pagescan prove that punishment is moral because it will reduce crime, it will give satisfaction to society, and it will deter other potential offenders. Punishment involves the deliberate infliction of suffering on an offender for a violation they caused such as a crime they did. Since punishment involves inflicting a pain or suffering to a criminal similar to an offender inflicts pain on his victim, it has generally been agreed that punishment requires moral justification. Utilitarianism determines goodRead MoreEthical Treatment Of Prisoners811 Words   |  3 Pagesethical treatment of prisoners, one is forced to decide what is right and what is wrong, not only for the prisoners involved, but for society in general. One theory of punishment is called the utilitarian philosophy, and generally assumes that whatever is best for society in general is the best course of action. The idea of utilitarianism, when applied to the criminal justice system can benefit those involved because what is best for society is an ethical question, one that must be answered within theRead MoreThe Dilemma Of The Death Penalty1703 Words   |  7 Pagespa per will discuss the ethological dilemma of the death penalty in the philosophical outlooks of Utilitarianism and Deontology, present arguments in light of both, and proceed to show why Deontology offers the best insights into the justification for the death penalty. The death penalty, also known as â€Å"capital punishment†, is, â€Å"the sentence of execution for murder and some other capital crimes (serious crimes, especially murder, which are punishable by death).† (Death Penalty Law, Law And Legal Definition)Read MoreRetributivism Vs Utilitarian Theory1730 Words   |  7 Pagesacting immorally. A common response to immoral behavior is punishments, which leads me to ask the question: how is punishment justified? In his article â€Å"The Classic Debate†, American legal philosopher Joel Feinberg lays out the main points of discourse between the two major theories of justified punishment, which I will deconstruct. Feinberg asserts that there are two main theories used to justify punishment: Retributivism and Utilitarianism. These two theories supposedly oppose each other such thatRead MoreThe Capital Punishment Debate Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment, also known as the death penalty is a legal sentence for a criminal to be put to death. The Punishment is rising to a controversial topic and has led to a lot of heated debates. As of 2014, over 150 countries have abolished the death penalty and 40 others have not used it in recent years, although it is still legal. The death Penalty is mostly used in extreme cases of crime like rape or murder. The convicted criminals are mostly put to death in inhuman ways such as lethal injectionsRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology935 Words   |  4 PagesClassical School of Criminology are that humans are rational and that our behavior comes from free will, and our human behavior is derived from pain and pleasure. To deter criminal’s punishment is necessary, which may set an example for others. As well as crime prevention should be implemented with quick regulated punishment for violations of the law. What were some forerunners of classical thought in criminology? Some forerunners of classical thought in criminology are that societies have notions ofRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1714 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment, or the death penalty is the legally authorized death of an individual as punishment for a heinous crime, typically one that involves murder. The legality of it varies by state and it continues to be a contentious topic of discussion in the United States. Furthermore, in recent decades, public opinion has been shifting from a supportive stance to an unsupportive stance on the use of the death penalty. It is now perceived by most people to be an unethical, immoral, and expensiveRead MoreLiterature Review Retributive Justice: The Case of Justin Wolfe1838 Words   |  7 PagesWolfe of premeditated killing for hire, the use of a firearm in the commission of a felony, and conspiracy to distribute marijuana. The jury further ruled that Wolfe fi t the vague standards of future vileness and dangerousness necessary for capital punishment. While Wolfe made multiple admissions during his testimony, he did not admit to conspiracy to commit murder or murder for hire. The presence of two offenders in murder for hire, resulting in shared culpability, allowed Owen Barber, the triggermanRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Justified1534 Words   |  7 Pages Capital punishment raises the very difficult question whether or not it is ethical to kill a convicted criminal. People who oppose the death penalty often argue mistaken identity and wrongful conviction. They argue that long-term imprisonment is the better course of action, because it allows for the possibility that if a mistake was made in the conviction of a suspect, they would be able to correct it without ending the life of an innocent person. They also state that the threat of the death penalty

John Dewey Free Essays

Introduced his theories and concepts on how people think. He identified a number of different modes of thought including reflection. He saw reflection as an aspect of thought, a rational and purposeful act that is more then mere thinking. We will write a custom essay sample on John Dewey or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dewey contrasted routine action with reflective action, laying the roots of reflective practice in teaching (Kodiak-Myers, 2012, p. 5). In his notion of reflective action he described a willingness to engage in self-assessment, which squired flexibility, analysis and social awareness (Pollard, 2005, p. 3). His reflection described a willingness to consider different possibilities and the ability and desire to recognize various opinions (Skateboarders, 2012, p. 5). Reflection, as a familiar activity, is often misunderstood, overlooked in the formal process of teaching and equated with similar activities such as thinking about the day, making sense of experiences we had or discussing resent occurred events and issues. In these daily activities teachers assume that learning occurs (Bout, Gogh, Walker, 1 985, p. 8). Employing a reflective teaching approach, a teacher will be In control of the teaching process and Its outcome, giving the teacher the ability to research on the effectiveness of his teaching enabling him to asses if learning indeed occurs (Killeen, 1989, p. 52). In this assignment I will first, explain reflection. In this explanation I will consider the different classification, categories and some characteristics of reflection. Next I will argue that reflection within the learning process is important for the teacher. I will thereafter critically discuss some of the advantages and limitations of along feedback from students In the reflective practice and wall conclude that the advantages outweigh the Limitations of galling feedback. For a teacher to employ a reflective practice he or she needs to firstly understand the meaning of reflection. Rodgers (2002) is of the opinion that, after almost a century of considering reflection there is no clear understanding in our academic literature of what exactly reflection is. She reconsiders Dew’s concept of reflection and formulated four criteria that she felt characterized his concept of reflection. She speaks of reflection as a meaning making process that moves a learner from one experience Into the next†, as a â€Å"systematic, rigorous, deadlines way of thinking† that â€Å"needs to happen in community, in interaction with others† and it requires â€Å"attitude that value the personal and intellectual growth of oneself and of others† (Rodgers, 2002, p. 845). Reflection starts when a person inquires into his or her experiences and knowledge relevant to the experience, enabling him or her to ascribe meaning to his or her beliefs (Collier, 1999, p. 73). Learning Is affected through a process of thinking and fleeting on new experiences In relation to an excellent knowledge base and own understanding. Collier (1999) refers to Kitcheners research that suggests a continuation of the reflection process, where knowledge is first viewed as certain and absolute, learned from authorities and direct observations. This absolute acceptance of knowledge develops, a s the individual’s own experiences and knowledge develops to â€Å"uncertain, relative and personal constructed† (1999, p. 174). Such ¶n (1987) is of the theory within practice, and the use of such a process ultimately leads to expertise. He identified two possible processes of reflection, a retrospective analysis of experiences, the reflection-on-action and the reflection-in-action, which is the process of reflection as an active part of the experience. In the reflection-on-action a teacher will reflect after a lesson on the process by thinking about the lesson, reflecting on the good and bad moments in the lecture, considering how to improve on the bad elements and how to build on the good moments. Reflection-on-action will be possible through self-examination, student assessments, student feedback of lesson ND discussions of mentor teachers (Howell, 2014). Reflection-in-action is used more by teachers with existing knowledge of teaching and experience of the learning process and is used to assess the student participation, knowledge, understanding and learning during the lesson (Howell, 2014). A third process of reflection is a proactive reflection known as reflection-for-action (Collier, 1999, p. 174). Howell (2014) uses this third process of reflection, before-action, which allows her to consider her lesson before it takes place. This process of reflection allows the cheer to be in a position to consider what will be taught, how it will be taught and he or she can develop an inner attitude of gratitude that will positively influence the attitude of the learners. Reflection does not always occur on the same level and, is depending on the circumstances and experiences of the teacher. Reflection will be influenced by the teacher’s knowledge of the subject matter, her understanding of the teaching process as well as her personal circumstances and attributes. Howell (2014) identified these levels as technical, practical and critical reflection. The chemical level is concern with â€Å"effective application of educational knowledge and skill†, the practical level describes â€Å"an experience so that a subjective perception or commitment to a certain theory or system† is noticed and critical reflection is â€Å"indicated by a high degree of open-mindedness including ethical/moral and social considerations† (Collier, 1999, p. 174). These levels of reflection exist and work together (Howell, 2014) and research has indicated that new teachers often apply all these levels of reflection and all levels are equally important in the learning process Collier, 1999, p. 74). The teacher, as well as the learner in the sense that both teacher and learner bring certain attributes to the learning process, will influence the process. Unless a teacher is capable of reflection he might not be able to bring about long term positive outcomes within the learning process. Teachers are often influenced by outside factors when faced with difficult situations within the class room and can easily, unconsciously develop standard problem solving tactics, left unexamined for years (Shortchange Vassals, 2005, p. 45). Shortchange Vassals (2005, . 9) refers too five phase structured reflection process. In this process there is an action from the teacher, followed by a retrospective look back on the action, an awareness of essential aspects of the action, the creating of alternative methods of action and a re-trial of the action. Palmer, as quoted by Howell (2014) stated, â€Å"good teaching comes from the identity and integrity of the teacher†. Every teacher has certain identities, pre-set ideas and assumptions which he or she brings into the class room and these identities, personal views and assumptions will influence how e or SE teach and what he or she teach. This in turn will influence what our described as paradigmatic, prescriptive, and casual assumptions (Brookfield, 1995, p. 4). Paradigmatic assumptions are very difficult to identify and they are basic structuring of ideas we use to order the world, perspective assumptions are assumptions about what we think ought to happen in a situations and causal assumptions assist us in understanding the different processes within the working world and how processes work (Brookfield, 1995, p. 3). As teachers we must be able o reflect on these predetermined assumptions to enable us to build on our professional development. According to Shortchange Vassals (Shortchange Vassals, 2005, p. 53) it is important for a teacher, specially a new teacher to be able to get in touch with these different identities. They refer to reflection, which can take place on different inner levels. Where a teacher sees him or herself in a specific role within the class room, the teacher might be set on a mission to fulfill this role and beliefs which in turn may create behavior issues in the class (Shortchange Vassals, 2005). It s only if the teacher reflect on what it is that he or she is doing that causes the behavior problem and ask why he or she is doing it that they might find an alternative to their perceived reality. This requires the teacher to do introspective reflection of her own actions, which is a very difficult task for anybody to achieve. Often reflection can focus mainly on the technical or practical levels, without being critical. According to Brookfield (1995, p. 9) critical reflection will assist the teacher in unearthing the ways in which power is present in and distort the educational recess. Reflection is important for teachers both in their professional development as teachers as well as their personal growth as educators. Reflection will lead to new and better understanding of the learning process, often plagued with assumptions. The application of a reflective practice will lead to better Judgment, an examined common sense and better learning and understanding of our students who, in observing us, will develop their own reflective practices (Howell, 2014). Part of a reflective practice includes consultation with our peers and the enquiry into our caching by way of student evaluations. Student evaluations can form a very good reflective technique enabling a teacher to reflect on how her classes are received by her students instead of assuming that learning has taken place. An advantage of student feedback is to determine from the students how they engage with the lesson, what did they find interesting and what did not work for them. One of the disadvantages of this form of feedback could lead to very subjective feedback from students, which is not a reflection of the true ability of the teacher. Brookfield (1995, p. 7) refers to the â€Å"perfect ten syndrome† where teachers who receive a less then perfect score assume that they are not worthy teachers. Teachers disregard the complimentary and good feedback, concentrating only on the negative aspects of the feedback. This reaction is based on the preconceived assumption of teachers that good teaching is always followed by positive and good student evaluations. Critically reflection will assist the teacher in recognizing these unrealistic assumption and enable him or her to know that the â€Å"complexities of learning† as well as the students win attitudes towards their studies and the teacher self has influenced the low score. Equally, a perfect score could be indicating the teachers only accommodated the students in their preferred learning styles without testing the student outside of critique and was not developed to be the only answer in the learning process however I think that the advantages of reflective practice including student feedback outweigh the disadvantages. Student feedback is important for the teachers’ own understanding of the learning process and it can contribute to the students sense of ratification in the learning process, displacing the inherent assumption of teacher power over student. As a negative aspect of the student reflections it may over power students, giving them the false assumption that they control the learning process. I think that the teacher and the students, accepting the true negative issues as such, should critically reflect on the outcome of student feedback in an open process in a positive manner to overcome the negative issues. At the same time positive issues should also be considered and build on in future. In conclusion I can ay that reflection is a process of deep questioning set assumptions and believes within the learning process to enable a better understanding of the process, to develop as a diverse teacher and to ensure maximum learning within the learning process. If reflection takes place before-action, the teacher will be able to prepare with gratitude, to enter the learning action with thankfulness and to convey a positive and thankful attitude to the students, creating an optimal learning environment. How to cite John Dewey, Papers

When it hurts the most free essay sample

I thought after my first heart break it would be my last.Little did I know my path of pain just began. Ive been hit so hard by this thing called love it has me constatly questioning my self wasnt I good enough? Wasnt I good enough for our relationship to be just between you and I?My thoughts are no longer my own their full of hate and regret.Tears have become my best friend and sleep is my escape from reality.Should a person have to live like this is it normal for a young girl who barly experiance life hate it already . You have no idea how much pain you have felt until you look in to the eyes of the one you love and you see nothing†¦nothing but the glare of lightWaking up every morning knowing the perosn you love doesnt love you anymore is terrible. We will write a custom essay sample on When it hurts the most or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had to wake up knowing this.Everyday that pass I become more craized with anger.It used to get to a point were I would skip meals and spaz out at any given moment.When I ever I would get angry,I would tremblem because I knew the truth and sooner or later it would come out and I dreaded every moment of life. Sometime I think I fell in love with the idea with love and not really the person whom Im in love with.Thats why expect I everything and anything thats happens that he does..You see,he was the first boy I was truly in love with and a blinked my eyes for a secound and now hes in the arms of another girls.Wheres the justice in that.It should be against the law to break someones heart and fell no remourse afterwards its the same thing as murder I personally think.Your killing the persons most important organ of their body-their heart,but no everyone can walk breaking it.You need your heart to pump blood throught out your body but how could you do so when its broken. Although it seems like Ill never get over this.I try to remember time heals all wounds ,its horible to have your heartbroken,but its leagal,men and women go around take advantage of the fact that someone is willing to give them the world but they choose to throw it alway because their self theyll never understand the sacfircates a person makes to love another.Forgiveness? I dont think so ill never forgive a person who broken something so valuable to me.Never again will I love another person.Loves unfair and its shoud be illegal.I would advise and person never to fall in love save your self ther heartache and soul-suffering pain. The man I love lefted me for another woman .It rans through my head repeatedly. The thought, the feeling. I would collapsed to the ground just thinking about them together. Then tears were falling, but I would make no sound.I missed who we used to be. I missed how we used to be. I missed being carefree and in love. I missed him.The guy I fell in love with,who is in love with another.

Confederate Ironclad essays

Confederate Ironclad essays The Confederate Ironclad Virginia was a compelling read to say the least. The subject of this book is the origin of the Ironclad battleships in the Americas, specifically relating to the ships Virginia and the Monitor in the beginning of the U.S. Civil War. The book also is about, although much more subtly, how the South had the North extremely fearful of the Souths capabilities for 2 months of this conflict. The author, Trexler, uses this book to focus on the Virginia and the circumstances regarding her invention, implementation, and destruction all in a relatively short time period. Prior to the civil war, all navies throughout the world were of a wooden variety. Ships had been built using wood for hundreds of years and this was common practice amongst shipyards. Beginning with the late 1830s however, both the French and the British, the long-time naval power of the world, began putting iron on the outsides of some of their warships. This was done without the immediate threat of battle, and thus these ships were never tested in actual combat situations so nobody really knew the effectiveness of them. In Virginia, in 1860, the Gosport Yard was the best shipyard the Americas had built, and was home to a dry-dock and 3 shipbuilding warehouses. It was home to the ship Merrimack, a five-year-old vessel that was one of the largest in the Navy. The ship was also retired, have spent a few uneventful years patrolling the West Indies. As the Merrimack sat rotting away in the shipyard the United States was in a state of upheaval, with the southern states South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas all seceding from the Union. With Virginia in constant deliberations over whether to secede or stay loyal to the Union, President Lincoln and his cabinet were forced to make a decision. Should they stay com...

How to write winning proposals - Emphasis

How to write winning proposals How to write winning proposals Rob Ashton explains how developing your writing skills can help you to win sales. Whether you love them or hate them, you can’t deny that reality TV shows such as The X-Factor provide contestants with honest feedback about their performances. After the tone-deaf wannabes are swiftly weeded out, the ones with raw talent are prodded and guided by Simon et al before being transformed into marketable acts. But when it comes to your sales proposals, the only critics you have are your prospects. There’s usually no training ground before you’re let loose on your public. So if they like what you have to offer, the chances are you’ll get a sale. If they’re uncertain, they may well give you little idea of where you went right or wrong. Imagine that you meet a client and build a good relationship before promising to email over a proposal later in the week. But by the time it comes to putting pen to paper, you’ve forgotten the conversation and struggle to get back into the groove. Instead, you simply send out a standard proposal that leaves the prospect cold and you without a sale. In this case, the client gives some helpful feedback, but it skirts around the real issue. You don’t get the witty one liner that says: ‘great in person, but sounded like a robot on paper’. Most salespeople haven’t been taught how to develop a fresh, personable writing style. But proficient sales writing is a skill that can be learnt. And once you have, your proposals can act as a ‘silent sales force’ that is out there winning business for you while you’re busy pursuing other opportunities. So, become your own judge by learning and applying some simple tips and techniques to your written work. Switch off your computer We tend to live in the virtual world of our computer screens. But at the beginning of the writing process, it’s helpful to get away from the screen and use a pencil and paper to gather your thoughts. So before you type a word, ask yourself the following six questions: What is the proposal about? Who will read it? How much do they already know about the subject? What do they absolutely need to know? How important is the subject to them? How interested are they in the subject (which is not necessarily the same thing)? Doing this allows you to home in on the main ideas and messages you want to communicate. Keep asking yourself: What do you really want to say? Then jot down all the ideas that are essential and important to your proposal. Build a persuasive structure Next, focus your proposal by using the Four Ps technique, which stands for: position (where they are now), problem (why they can’t stay there), possibilities (where they could go) and proposal (where they should go). This approach turns conventional wisdom on its head and is surprisingly effective. It allows you to begin with the client’s situation and needs, and to recommend solutions, while building your credibility in the process. Only then do you write about your pedigree – by which point you’ll just be confirming what they’ve already concluded. Get personal One of the best ways to show your personality through writing is to use words such as ‘we’, ‘us’ and ‘our’. These words help to connect you to your readers. Similarly choose the active voice to make your sentences livelier. For instance, you can write ‘I [or we] guarantee that you’ll notice a difference in three days,’ rather than ‘a difference has been guaranteed within three days.’ Short and sweet Finally, no-one wants to wade through the sales equivalent of War and Peace. Keep sentences to a maximum of 15-20 words and edit ruthlessly until you have a compelling document that begs to be read. Mastering these skills will help you to tailor your writing so that it meets the needs of each particular client. Don’t worry if you don’t hit gold on your first go. For every one-hit wonder in the record business, there are those who’ve created a long, successful career by making constant adjustments to their performance, until they develop that certain something that sets them apart from the rest. For proposal-writing training, see our course for teams and our course for individuals.

Business Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Ethics - Research Paper Example The Case of Apple Jonathan Watts (2011) has laid open the lid over the assumed business ethics of such big businesses as Apple Inc., for letting its overseas supply chain damage the environment and degrade the pollution. The leading Chinese environment group has blamed the IT tycoon of not adhering to transparency in its business operations because of which the workers are suffering on health issues and lack of transparency is also causing loss of environment. The statement by the 36 Groups working for the Green Choice Initiative has heightened the controversy over the company’s incapacity in ensuring that work ethics are adhered to in the factories where ipads and iphones are being produced. Environment violations by suppliers of big IT companies are occurring to the dismay of all, the cause of which needs to be confirmed; why workers are being forced to function in such environment that is poor in safety standards. A number of tragedies are occurring at the Chinese factories ; workers are committing suicides and workplace poisonings are taking place from the heavy metal pollution. It is clearly evident that the Chinese labor is paid less and workplace safety and regulatory parameters are not enough relatively to the West (Watts, 2011). Although Apple’s supplier code of conduct vouches adherance to globally identified standards to further the cause of business ethics but accountability can not be determined by the third parties as companies like Apple do not share facts on the name of corporate confidentiality. Political confidentiality and red tape in government transactions has further deteriorated the working conditions due to non-transparency used as a cover. Apple is one of the 29 companies least interested to share relevant information about its suppliers. There are a number of companies working for Apple’s supply chain, involved in waste discharge violations. A dozen employees died unnatural deaths in Foxconn electronics in Shenzhen, a supplier of computer parts for Apple and other big IT companies operating through outsourced locations (Watts, 2011). Moren (2010) states that Apple is employing tactics such as issuing the progress report on supplier responsibility, coinciding it intelligently with the shareholders meeting. So that the company management could not be attacked aggressively by shareholders on the social responsibility issue, the report on supplier responsibility was issued just 2 days before the meeting. Apple like other American companies has been exploiting the lenient labor laws in third world countries, which can affect its reputation, as in 2006 the company’s image was tarnished with the news that workforce at Foxconn’s Langhua was working 15-hours a day and was forced to live in unhygienic conditions, as published by a British newspaper. The company level inquiry found evidence of the same and from thereon suppliers’ yearly auditing was strategized to check suppliersâ₠¬â„¢ adherence to code of conduct. The audit conducted in 2009 outlines the reforms and precautionary steps taken by the company. In the near past, in 2009 Apple initiated training programs for assembly-line workers on various educational programs such as Supplier Employee Education and Development (SEED) among others, protection programs such as reducing recruitment fee, educating workers on their rights and audit programs on component making suppliers and nonproduction suppliers to the final assembly production

Australian Responses to the Decline of Britain as a World Power in the Essay

Australian Responses to the Decline of Britain as a World Power in the Twentieth Century - Essay Example This is in spite of (or should one say, because) of the fact that, ethnically, the majority of Australians are British, mainly penal settlers; the original habitants of the country-the aborigines-constitute a mere 2% of the present population.2 Although some Australian writers of the early twentieth century, perhaps as a reaction, have gone to the extent of denying British influence on Australian life and institutions in general, this is a denial of the truth. The relation between Britain and Australia, "both official and sentimental"3 is complex, and "till 1914, Australia depended on Britain for much of its prosperity, by choice."(the emphasis is mine)4 As Keith Hancock said, it was "not impossible for Australia, nourished by a glorious literature and haunted by old memories to be in love with two soils."5 The imbroglio over an independent defence for the Dominion was the chief political issue between Britain and Australia during the pre World War years of the twentieth century. In 1899, 16000 Australians had voluntarily served in the Boer War. Neville Chamberlain, who later became Prime Minister of Britain, enthusiastically pushed for the formation of colonial armies (India, Canada, New Zealand and Australia) that would fight anywhere across the Empire. Although New Zealand was agreeable to providing soldiers for this force, both Canada and Australia balked. Australia wanted an army for its own protection and not for being deployed to Europe. Political events of the time, like the Boer War, which undermined British supremacy worried Australia. It felt that it could be attacked in its position as a colony of Britain. When Japan defeated Russia (Russo-Japanese War, 1905) and showed inclinations to spreading out militarily into Asia, Australia worried that it might also divert its coveto us eyes to acquisitions on Australian territory. Britain did not initially encourage Australia to develop itself militarily, because it did not take the idea of a defence force for its dominion seriously. Besides, it was felt that should any enemy commercial ship defeat an Australian gunboat in an engagement, it would reflect on Britain, as a defeat of Imperial forces.6 However, the increasing threats to British supremacy and the spectre of a Germany strengthening its military spurred Britain on to urge its colonies to develop their own military. In 1906, the Imperial Admiralty proposed the establishment of a separate navy stationed at Melbourne and was generous in funding this as well.7 Alfred Deakin, Australian Prime Minister, wrested a concession from Britain-that the personnel from the Australian navy could be interchanged with those of the Imperial. This would give them (the Australian navy) the necessary expertise. Admiral Sir John Fisher of Britain also provided, by default, an impetus for the development of the Australian n avy. Fisher believed that if a flotilla were developed, such that the British Isles instead of being defended at her borders (by battleships) could have torpedo ships that prevented enemy vessels from setting out from their shores, it would be in the larger interest of Britain.8 This led to the addition of ships to the Australian Navy, and an enhancement of its strength.     

Exploring the depth of Buddhism : four noble truths, Karma, Nirvana

Exploring the depth of Buddhism : four noble truths, Karma, Nirvana The Buddhism is the fourth-largest religion in the world, being a very influential religion worldwide. The Buddhism was first originated in India, therefore, being classified as an Indian religion. Although Buddhism originated in India, it rapidly spread around Asia, now being one of the most dominating and influential religion in Asia. The Buddhism is immensely associated with the state of being awakened about the human nature. This process is obtained and trained mostly through meditation, which is a distinct feature about Buddhism compared to other religions. The Buddhism is rather a self-mentoring and self-recognizing about the nature of human lives and the surroundings. The Buddhism encompasses the teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, which means the awakened one. In addition, the Buddha was recognized by his followers as an awakened teacher who was fully aware of, what is known as the Buddhists philosophy or beliefs, a cycle of suffering and rebirth. In other words, the Buddhism greatly elaborates on the belief about nothingness, death and afterlife. There are various branches in Buddhism but there are two main branches; Theravada, meaning the school of elders, and Mahayana, meaning the great vehicle. Moreover, there are four very important features about Buddhism; the four noble truth, karma, nirvana and Mahayana. The purpose of this paper is to explore the Buddhism in depth, about its origins and various beliefs. In particular, it will be based on the four noble truths, karma, nirvana and Mahayana, the major branches in Buddhism. The most fundamental thoughts and beliefs in Buddhism are greatly based on the four noble truths. Especially in the Mahayana Buddhism, the fourth truths are the essential concepts to the path. The four noble truths are the formulation of his understanding of the nature of suffering. Since his beliefs and teachings were mostly about suffering and nirvana, it was the most advanced and fundamental principle in Buddhism. The significance of his belief is that he did not view negatively about suffering but acknowledged it. The followings are the four noble truths. 1. Life means suffering 2. The origin of suffering is attachment 3. The cessation of suffering is attainable 4. The path to the cessation of suffering. As the Buddha puts an emphasis on the understanding of suffering, it is very important to recognize the importance of these noble truths. The first truth is basically about the human nature being painful for their entire lifetime. The beginning of life, birth, is the start of suffering as the pregnancy is extremely painful. As we live along, we age and get older, which is also suffering. Moreover, humans are very vulnerable to all kinds of diseases and illness, which is also suffering. However, on top of all these sufferings, the most painful and long-lasting suffer is probably death. The death of the parents, friends, lovers and even children lead people to great pain for a long time. Therefore, the first noble truth that the life is suffering describes well about the human nature. The second truth suggests that the suffering is caused by attachment. In Buddhist point of attachment is mostly greed, egotism and unnecessary desire. According to this truth, the desire for attachment would only result in misery and suffer. Moreover, this truth also gives the idea that everything is impermanent, meaning that in any realm of human nature they cannot possess eternal happiness. Everything changes, death exists and desire will only lead to misery and suffer. The third truth is related to the second truth. Since the suffering is caused by attachment, the cure for suffering is to vanish the attachments. This is simply to abolish the cause of suffering, abolishing the source of pain. In other words, by being free from all worries, troubles and greediness, the cessation of suffering can be attained. This state of mind is called nirvana, which will be dealt in more detail later on this essay. The nirvana will only be comprehensible to those who have attained it. The fourth truth is the extended thought about third truth, which talks about the path to end the suffering, a gradual path of self-improvement. There are two extremes, indulgence and asceticism, which the two ends lead to the end of a cycle, rebirth. Therefore, the main point of this truth is to avoid the extremes in favor of a life of moderation, nonviolence and compassion. Therefore, Buddhism is the middle way. Another important feature about Buddhism is karma, any kind of intentional action whether mental, verbal, or physical. The karma is every volitional action of individuals, whether those are good or bad. The exception made in their case is because they are delivered from both good and evil; they have eradicated ignorance and craving, the roots of Karma. Buddha says All living beings have actions as their own, their inheritance, their congenital cause, their kinsman, their refuge. It is Karma that differentiates beings into low and high states (deBary, p417). This is the main idea of karma, that the will makes the difference between good and bad. In each life, a soul is punished or rewarded based on its past actions, or karma, from the current life as well as earlier lives. Karma isnt due to gods judgment over a persons behavior. The way Buddhist accepts is somewhat different from the way the ordinary people perceive. The Buddhists understand good and evil in terms of how selfless and pure the person is, rather than simply caring for other people or being nice. Buddhists believe that the greatest achievement is selflessness(deBary, p493), showing how Buddhists perceive goodness. In addition, since karma is not a god or a supernatural force, it can be controlled by strong will. This state of mind, karma, can be cured by meditation, as the greateset mediation is a mind that lets go(deBary, p495). Another important fact is that Karma is not only believed in Buddhism, but also in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and many other religious groups. Because Karma is categorized as being the chain of cause and effect, Buddhists perceive karma as motives behind an action. Therefore, in order to make a difference between good and bad action, you will still need to have a pure intention, which can only be obtained in the empty state. In Buddhism, there is a state that the Buddhists desire to acquire, perhaps their ultimate goal in their lives. When karma is a willful action of individuals, nirvana is the state that Buddhists desire to acquire. Nirvana is the state of being free from all the suffering and sadness. It is a central concept in Buddhism, a spiritual state of having no sorrow and anger. Buddha says that Nirvana is the highest happiness(deBary, p494) , extinguishing ignorance, hatred and suffering. The Buddha also referred Nirvana as the state of deathlessness having an increasing control over the generation of karma. Since Buddha had overcome all these complexes and sufferings through meditation and achieved nirvana, his mental health was perfect. Also, that he was very much aware of appreciating the pureness, in which people are initially born with and try to obtain. Therefore, the Buddhists refer to this state as enlightenment. In order to achieve this peace, individuals practice and meditate endlessly to empty their minds as much as possible. Also, this highest spiritual state is derived from the cessation of the desires and greed. Once the state of Nirvana is achieved, you can fully escape the cycle of karma and achieve parinirvana, nirvana in the afterlife. Parinirvana is the final nirvana that you eventually obtain endless peace in your life for the rest of your cycle of life. The Buddhism relates lots of their religious beliefs to afterlife. For example, they believe that when you commit lots of malevolent actions that you will have to pay off for those actions, perhaps in afterlife. Also, when you are constantly experiencing misfortune, Buddhists will say that you are paying off what you have committed in the past life. Moreover, another famous belief that Buddhists have is that in order to have a relationship with a person, you need have an extremely strong bond with that person from the past life. Meaning that past life and after life is somehow related, in terms of relationships. The Mahayana is one of the two main existing branches of Buddhism, which was believed to be first founded in India. It is generally believed in the East Asia, including Korea, Mongolia, China and Japan. The Mahayana is majorly taught in Buddhists schools. People who strongly believe in Mahayana usually think that the state of nirvana can be achieved in a single lifetime, and it can be accomplished even by a layperson. The Mahayanists puts an emphasis on the individual enlightenment. In a different point view, they strive to liberate from the cycle of birth and death, the ultimate source of suffering. Once Buddhists are set free from all the pain, suffering and troubles, they eventually reach the bliss of Nirvana. Another important feature about Mahayana is that they believe in universalism, which is the belief that everyone can become a Buddha (deBary, p502). This is an abstract belief but the theory is that at some point, you will become a Buddha as you obtain more and more selflessness. Moreover, the Mahayanists also believe that compassion to help sentient beings reach enlightenment: become a bodhisattva, both human and seemingly godlike, yourself. We can see that the Mahayanists generally believed in ordinary people, perhaps Buddhists, could eventually reach a state of mind that can become Buddha, which can be governed by compassion and individual enlightenment. Once you recognize the sentient beings, you will be drawn closer to the Nirvana, the ideal and ultimate peace in Buddhism. Therefore, the Mahayanists also believe in reaching a state where they could extinguish their own individual existence in Nirvana. In conclusion, we have explored the Buddhism, its various supporting beliefs and the origin of those branches of Buddhism. It seemed that Buddhists majorly desire to achieve the peaceful and empty state of mind, regardless of what branch they strongly believed. For example, there were extremely keen to acquire the Nirvana, the ultimate peace in life, no longer being entangled in suffering and pain. Most of the suffering comes from the cycle of death and attachment. However, the cessation of those attachments is the way to overcome the pain and achieve nirvana. This controlling of mind is also associated with Karma, which is the willful action. Therefore, the Karma differentiates the state of mind, which will cause the individuals life to branch in different directions. The Mahayana is a powerful branch in Buddhism, which emphasizes individual enlightenment. In a nut shell, the ultimate motto of Buddhism is to achieve the state of nothingness, understanding the cycle of suffering, the karmic cycle and the cycle of rebirth and death. By exploring the Buddhism, I figured that Buddhism is more associated with individuals attainment, rather than simply worshiping the supernatural beings or gods.

Evaluate Research on Conformity Making Reference to 2 Studies Essay

Conformity is the tendency to adjust one’s thoughts, feelings or behaviour in ways that are in agreement with those of a particular individual or group, or with accepted standards about how a person should behave in specific situations (social norms). It is also the key ways that a society or culture passes down its values or behaviours to its peers through an indirect form of social influence. Deusch and Gerald (1995) first presented that the reasons of people conforming is due to two factors that are information social influence and normative social influences. Information social influence is based on the ways people cognitively process information about specific situations. Normative social influence is based on our nature as social animals, and our need to be accepted and to ‘belong’ in society. Individuals often conform to avoid rejection and gain social approval within society. Festinger (1954) also agreed that people evaluate their own opinions and judgement through social comparisons, which is when the individual compares themselves to the peers around them When one realizes that others are not behaving in the same way, or think differently, it leads to anxiety, which is known as cognitive dissonance. In order to test for conformity, Asch carried a test where the subject was given a simple task of matching a length of line to one of three other comparison lines. The control subjects (who were able to take the test alone without any confederates) that served as the comparison to the variable (the individual who was tested for conformity) made almost no errors. In the experimental condition, one individual was tested but were surrounded by seven other confederates of the experimenter, who were told to give wrong estimates almost 70% of the trials. The subject was also second to last giving their answers, so that they were faced either giving their own opinion or conforming to the group. The average rate of conformity was 32%. 74% conformed at least once and 26% never conformed. In order to identity factors influencing conformity, Asch conducted variations to his experiment. Asch found out that with only one confederate, only 3% of the participant conformed, and with two confederates the rate rose to 14% and with three confederates, it rose to 32%. Larger groups did not increase the rate of conformity. Unanimity was an another factor, where conformity was more prominent when all the confederates agreed. If one of the confederates disagreed, the participant was less likely to conform. The difficulty of the task also increased conformity. Also when the participant was given the choice to write down their response, conformity decreased. Confidence and self-esteem was another significant role in influencing the participants, as people with high confidence strongly believed in their opinion, and were less likely to conform. However, even the participants that did not conform still felt strong social pressure. Although these results were quite reliable to a certain extent, there were multiple criticism towards the experiment. The experiment was considered ‘artificial’ with low ecological validity. There were also ‘demanding characteristics,’ where the participant may have changed their behaviour in order to please researchers. Also there was a lack in cultural diversity as the experiment may only represent the US in 1940-1950s. Because the individuals were placed in deception and anxiety, it also resulted in ethic concerns. Also, there were ethic concerns as the individuals were placed in deception and anxiety. Berry (1967) suggested that conformity is required by their respective survival level economics. Low food receiving societies tend to produce self-reliant independent individuals, while high food producing societies are group reliant and dependent. He also proved his theory by using a variation of Asch’s experiment through using samples of the Temne Sierra Leone and the Inuit people of Canada. Hunting and fishing in Eskimos show great tolerance in disciplining children, therefore resulting in independent and risk taking individuals. Rich farming Temne people apply strict disciplinary measures, resulting in more dependent and group reliant individuals. Therefore the experiment resulted that the Temne people of Sierra Leone conformed significantly more than the Inuit people of Canada, probably because of the economic differences. The Temne people usually had to survive on a single crop that is harvested by all the people in the society, therefore requiring each other’s trust and coordination of effort. . The culture also mainly focuses on agreement and harmony. Consensus is less present in Inuit culture as their economy is based on continual hunting and gathering on a relatively individual basis. However sometimes, there have been several examples of minority commitment to a view not held by the majority throughout the 20th century. This includes women’s right’s to vote in civil rights movement, environmental movement etc. Also research proved that minority opinions are significant in a group’s decision-making process. Groupthink happens when someone in a group suggest an idea, and everyone accepts the idea without considering other possible opinions It represents the group members having concordant opinions in an issue, resulting in not seeking alternative or disagreeing opinions, often because optimism prevents their decisions from becoming successful.

Les Fetes - 643 Words

Brianna Jackson Period 3 12/15/15 Les Fà ªtes Christmas is one of the most important festivals. It is celebrated ever year on 25th December. It was on this day that Lord Jesus Christ was born. Christians wear new clothes and attend special prayers in the church on Christmas. The churches are lit up on the Christmas eve, an evening before Christmas. On Christmas, Christians sing carols and pray together in the church. All the family members decorate Christmas trees with toys, decorative lights, balloons and candles. Children believe that it is Santa Claus who brings gifts for them. Christmas is a festival of joy and peace. But Christmas is celebrated differently in many countries. Variations during this time include different meals,†¦show more content†¦In America there is no set way of celebrating Christmas. Because the united states is a melting pot of all cultures you can see many different views on the holidays. In the U.S though we do have some basic traditions. In the U.S many families decorate their houses with co lorful lights and decorations such as garland. During December many cities and towns in the U.S put up large Christmas trees and through festivals that feature ice skating and sledding. Many households have Christmas trees of their own that they decorate with lights and ornaments as well. On Christmas eve families customarily leave out cookies and milk for Santa Claus. Children leaving stocking hanging on the fireplace for Santa to fill and then he also leaves their one Christmas wish under the tree. In the U.S Santa is believed to have 12 reindeer that fly his slay around the world. On Christmas day families’ open gifts and then share a meal. The traditional meal for the U.S Christmas is turkey or ham with cranberry sauce and assorted sides. In the evening on Christmas is when most religious families attend a special church service to remember the birth of Christ. Although all countries celebrate Christmas differently they all share the same want for peace on earth. This was proven during World War 1 Christmas cease fire of 1914. When French, British, and German troops stopped fighting to celebrate Christmas. This event proves that all men no matter the circumstance can come together and canShow MoreRelatedThe Built Environment At The Gardens Of Versailles1594 Words   |  7 Pagesgrand Vaux-le-Vicomte which was suspected to have been built using embezzled crown funds1, in 1661 Louis XIV began his epic project of the gardens designed almost entirely as an expression of his absolute power. Andres Le Nà ´tre, Versailles’ leading landscape architect, believed in the basic conception that landscape should be more impressive than the buildings it comprehends2. With over 800 hectares of gardens, the size of Versailles alone is quite daunting. Using forced perspective, Le Nà ´tre, furtherRead MoreCirque De Soleil Essays1608 Words   |  7 Pagesit was founded in Baie-Saint-Paul in 1984 by two former street performers, Guy Lalibertà © and Daniel Gauthier.[1] Initially named Les Échassiers, they toured Quebec in 1980 as a performing troupe and encountered financial hardship that was relieved by a government grant in 1983 as part of the 450th anniversary celebrations of Jacques Cartiers discovery of Canada.[2] Le Grand Tour du Cirque du Soleil was a success in 1984, and after securing a second year of funding, Lalibertà © hired Guy Caron fromRead MorePresentation Marketing the Kooples1030 Words   |  5 Pages  marke-ng   eï ¬Æ'cace   mais   limità ©   Ã¢â‚¬ ¦    13   octobre   2010    De   Villepin   - ­Ã¢â‚¬    Gutharc   - ­Ã¢â‚¬    Mar8ni    1    Sommaire    ï‚ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ La   naissance   du   concept    ï‚ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Le   marchà ©   :   cible   et   concurrents    ï‚ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Le   marke6ng   mix    ï‚ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Forces   et   faiblesses    ï‚ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Conclusion   et   recommanda6ons    13   octobre   2010    De   Villepin   - ­Ã¢â‚¬    Gutharc   - ­Ã¢â‚¬    Mar8ni    2    Une   histoireRead MoreThe impact of the French Revolution on Ballet2183 Words   |  9 Pagestended to be more realistic and have more emphasis on emotion. They told the tales of heroes and heroines, whose stories either ended happily or tragically. It is clear to see Romantic ballet emerging out of such mythic ballets as: Telemaque, Psyche, Les Muses and Hero et Leandre [3]. All characters in plays had to be easily related to, as the out of touch aristocratic characters were no longer going to be tolerated. All of this emphasis on more realistic ballets, created a new innovation in costumeRead MoreAnalysis Of Voice Lessons The Belle Epoque 1688 Words   |  7 Pagespost-Pellà ©as mà ©lodie as notably different from mà ©lodie composed previously. Her analysis of movements from Debussy’s second set of Fà ªtes galantes eloquently illustrates the change in compositional style and draws parallels between â€Å"Les ingà ©nues† and moments in the final act of Pellà ©as et Mà ©lisande. Bergeron solemnly pays homage to â€Å"Colloque sentimental†, the last song of set two of Fà ªtes galantes, as it plays a didactic role in approaching the end of an era; she states that â€Å"Colloque sentimental† features â€Å"[†¦]voicesRead More Plan of Champ de Mars, Paris 18892213 Words   |  9 Pagesde Mars, which was finally selected as the main location for the exposition, has had a rich history. Comprising the stretch of land reaching from the Seine river t o the École Militaire, it was used as the military schools parade ground. In 1790 the Fà ªte de la Fà ©dà ©ration was held on its grounds, and King Louis XVI took an oath to uphold the new constitution. In 1794, it witnessed the rally of the Supreme Being, a significant episode of the French Revolution. Since then, the Champ de Mars has been theRead MoreDissertation Mme Bovary French2133 Words   |  9 Pages «Madame Bovary », vous justifierez ce jugement. ? Introduction Le rà ©alisme classique faisait du beau et du laid la matià ¨re de son art. Mais il en proscrivait le mà ©diocre et comme le disait La Bruyà ¨re, on ne saurait reprà ©senter  « un laquais qui siffle  » ou  « un homme dans sa garde-robe  ». La grande originalità © des à ©crivains rà ©alistes fut dadmettre que tout ce qui se trouvait dans la nature et mà ªme le mà ©diocre, pouvait et devait entrer dans le cadre de leurs Å“uvres. Et à   vrai dire, ils ont mà ªme manifestà ©Read MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night Of Hotel Porn 1735 Words   |  7 Pagescould have imagined. The entire industry, referred to by the operation servers as the â€Å"Empire of Sleaze†, gave everyone the creeps, and they cautioned all the young applicants to its pitfalls. Bezzel was one of the housemen that worked for Pepe’ Le Fete in the banquet department. He was a small server from the subcontinent that always had a smile on his face and was loved by everybody. He was a hard worker and both he and his brother came from different careers. In their home country, he was a truckRead MoreFrench Notes2678 Words   |  11 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oh, if only I were rich!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Si nous sortions ce soir ?   Ã‚  Ã‚  How about going out tonight? VI. Conditions in  si clauses   Ã‚  Ã‚  Si javais de largent, jirais avec toi.   Ã‚  Ã‚  If I had some money, I would go with you.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Sil voulait venir, il trouverait le moyen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  If he wanted to come, he would find a way. VII. The expressions  Ãƒ ªtre en train de  and  venir de  in the past   Ã‚  Ã‚  Jà ©tais en train de faire la vaisselle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  I was (in the process of) doing the dishes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il venait darriver.   Ã‚  Ã‚  He had just arrivedRead MoreThea 1016562 Words   |  27 PagesTrack 1). This music creates an intense atmosphere, which is very compatible with this plot. The ball at Capulet’s is accompanied by â€Å"Romà ©o et Juliette, Symphonie dramatique, Op. 17, 3à ¨me Partie: Nuit sereine - Le jardin de Capulet silencieux et desert Les jeunes Capulets sortent de la fà ªte, passente en chantant des reminiscences† by Hector Berlioz (1839/2008, Disc 1, Track 6). This music helps create a magnificent and high-class atmosphere. The music that I choose for Romeo and Juliet is â€Å"Romà ©o

Computers Course Works

Abstract Computer choice during the time of acquisition is a very important factor that should never be ignored. Many stores are flooded with advertisements and offers that may seem to be a wonderful deal and pocket friendly but in the long run they turn out to be a howler. Care should therefore be taken during the time of acquisition and ensure that you get the best deal for your money. List of Abbreviations: GHz – Gigahertz MHz – Megahertz RAM – Random Access Memory MB – Megabytes GB – Gigabytes TB – Terabytes Introduction A computer is a magnificent tool for making work easier but can sometimes turn out to be a nuisance if not properly chosen during the time of acquisition. If one decides to buy a computer without carrying out a thorough market survey, then he/she is likely to end up with a sub-standard machine. Care should therefore be taken when choosing a computer so as to suit your purpose. Some of the factors that should be considered when buying a computer include: the computer speed (measured in GHz or MHz), RAM size (measured in MB or GB), the hard disc capacity (measured in GB or TB) and also the brand of the computer. The last specification has been ignored by many but has in the recent years proved to be vital. This study takes into account a market survey and tries to find out which computers are best suited for an organization. The study takes a close look at HP touchSmart 600 desktop computer. This type of computer has a touch screen and is fun to use. The computer looks beautiful and has several features that make it one of the best computers to use. It has an Intel core Duo P7450 64bit processor running at 2.13GHz. This makes this computer very fast. It also has a 4GB system memory which makes the speed of program execution superb! On top of that, the computer is fitted with a 1TB hard disc. This makes it have a very good   (large) storage capacity. The TFT monitor that comes with the system is fitted with a card reader (supporting six formats), built in camera and a volume control knob. This makes it an all-in-one PC. Retrieved from http://www.reghardware.com/2010/01/22/review_desktop_pc_hp_touchsmart_600/ Some of the features that should be improved in this particular design include: fitting it with a higher quality camera with a higher resolution. The camera should also be detachable so as to give a better view when taking photos. The computer should also incorporate the use of Wi-fi technology which enables wireless interconnection of devices. The computer has a combo CD/DVD writer tucked behind the right-hand bezel which is capable of playing Blue-ray discs. It however takes long to start playing. The drive is also a little bit difficult to recognize. The drive also makes one to force a disc into it which often caused scraping. Retrieved from http://www.reghardware.com/2010/01/22/review_desktop_pc_hp_touchsmart_600/page2.html References http://www.reghardware.com/2010/01/22/review_desktop_pc_hp_touchsmart_600/page1.html http://www.reghardware.com/2010/01/22/review_desktop_pc_hp_touchsmart_600/page2.html